MySQL 8.4编译安装及小技巧备份中提取单表恢复

创建运行用户

groupadd --system -g 200 mysql
useradd --system -u 200 -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /data/mysql -c "MySQL Server" -M mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,logs}
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

解压源码包并建立编译工作目录

tar zxf mysql-8.4.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
cd /usr/local/src/mysql-8.4.0
mkdir newbuild
cd newbuild/

编译配置（详细配置可参阅官方文档）

cmake .. -DBUILD_CONFIG=mysql_release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/c++ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql/ -DWITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_SSL=/usr/local/openssl/ -DWITH_CURL=/usr/local/curl -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH=/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/openssl/lib64

编译并安装

make -j `cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l` && make install

添加命令到系统变量中

echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/complie.conf
echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
mysql -V

 

安装后配置

修改文件最大打开数(此项限制Linux系统/用户可同时访问文件的数量)：

echo 'fs.file-max = 655356' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
vim /etc/security/limits.conf

mysql           hard    nofile          65535
mysql           soft    nofile          65535

禁用系统自带配置文件（如果有）：

mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

创建用于初始化的默认配置文件：

vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

# MySQL Initialize Config File.
[mysql]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
# Basic
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/data
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid
character-set-server = utf8mb4
skip-external-locking
# Log
log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log
slow-query-log = on
long_query_time = 4
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log
#general_log = on
general_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/mysql.log

初始化数据库

mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
cat /data/mysql/logs/error.log

使用日志里提示的初始随机密码更改root密码

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql &
mysql -uroot -p

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'YourPasswd';
exit;

关闭实例

mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown